Dc motor will plural battery supply

ABSTRACT

A direct current electric motor system employs a controlled energizing circuit having a plurality of sources of direct current, one of which is connected with alternate ones of the other sources to energize the stator winding while the other of the alternately connected sources is simultaneously placed in a charging circuit. The motor comprises a plurality of stators and a corresponding plurality of rotors with the rotors mounted on the common shaft and angularly disposed relative one another so that there is a time overlap in their periods of influence by their corresponding stator field windings.

United States Patent 1,291,233 1/1919 Storer Salvatore Genovese 3744 S.Gunderson, Berwyn, 111. 60402 851,544

Aug. 20, 1969 Oct. 5, 1971 Inventor Appl. No. Filed Patented DC MOTORWILL PLURAL BATTERY SUPPLY 6 Claims, 2 Drawing Figs.

05. Cl 318/248, 318/500, 320/14, 320/19, 320/21 Int. Cl 1102p 7/20 Fieldof Search 318/248, 500; 320/14, 16, 19, 21

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Primary Examiner-Gris L. RaderAssistant Examiner-H. Huberfeld Att0rneyHil1, Sherman, Meroni, Gross &Simpson DC MOTOR WILL PLURAL BATTERY SUPPLY BACKGROUND OF THEINVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to directcurrent motor systems and more particularly to systems for increasingthe efficiency of direct current motors by switching connections of thesources so that current is only consumed during the portions of therevolution of the rotors with respect to their stator windings, and byutilizing the energy given up by the collapsing magnetic fields toreturn energy to the powering sources.

2. Description of the Prior Art The utilization of battery chargingapparatus in conjunction with the operation of a direct current motor isknown in the art. Similar apparatus is also known for providing a chargebuildup on a capacitor in connection with both AC and DC motor-generatorapparatus. However, such systems are relatively inefficient from a totalsystem standpoint in that battery charging is only incidental, and notof major concern, to the overall operation of the system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a directcurrent electric motor system is provided which employs a plurality ofbatteries for motor energization and means for alternately switching apair of batteries between a discharge circuit for operating the motorand a charging circuit for receiving energy therefrom. The pair ofbatteries is alternately switched in series with the third battery forenergizing the stator windings of a direct current motor, while theother of the pair of batteries is simultaneously placed in a chargingcircuit which is effective to absorb energy from the stator windingsduring an open circuit condition of the established energizing circuitby way of commutator contacts or cam-operated contacts.

A plurality of stators and their associated stator windings and rotorsare provided in one exemplary embodiment of the invention, the rotorsbeing fixed to a common shaft and angularly disposed with respect to oneanother so that some of thesestator circuits will be operating in anenergy consumption condition while other stator circuits are operatingin charging condition, the rotors being so disposed and commutatorcontacts for effecting the switching being so arranged that there is atime overlap in the energization conditions from one stator to the next.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other objects, features and advantagesof the invention will be readily apparent from the following descriptionof certain preferred embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawing, although variations and modifications may beeffected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novelconcepts of the disclosure, and in which:

FIG. i is a schematic representation of a two-pole direct current motorand its associated energizing circuit according to the principles of thepresent invention; and

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a two-pole direct current motorsystem having a plurality of stators and rotors which are operable inaccordance with the energizing and charging principles of the presentinvention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT In the drawings, a directcurrent motor system is generally shown at as comprising a directcurrent motor 1 l which is connected to an energizing circuit 12.

The motor 11 comprises a stator 13, preferably of a laminatedconstruction, including a pair of pole members 14a and 14b each of whichhas an arcuate end for receiving corresponding arcuate ends 16 of arotor 15. A pair of serially connected windings 17 a and 17b aredisposed on respective ones of the pole members 14a and 14b and areelectrically extended over leads 18 and 19 to the energizing circuit 12.

The energizing circuit 12 comprises a plurality of batteries 20, 21 and22, of which batteries 20 and 21 are alternately connectable in serieswith battery 22 for energizing the windings 17a and 17b of motor 1 1while the other of batteries 20 and 21 is connected in a chargingcircuit.

The aforementioned connections may be effected by a plurality oftransfer-type switching contacts, preferably in the form of commutatorapparatus, as illustrated by elements 2337. The switching apparatuscomprises a contact 23 as an extension of conductor 18 for selectiveconnection to contacts 24 and 25, and accordingly the positive poles ofbatteries 20 and 21. Another extension of conductor 18, contact 26, isconnectable to contacts 27 and 28, and accordingly to the negative polesof batteries 20 and 21.

The battery 22 has its negative pole connectable to the positive pole ofeither battery 20 or battery 21 by way of contact 29 and contacts 30 and31. The positive pole of the battery 22 is connected to conductor 19 andthe serially connected winding 17a and 17b of the motor I l by way ofcontacts 38 and 39. The conductor 19 and the stator windings 17a and 17bare also connectable to the negative poles of batteries 20 and 21 by wayof switch contacts 32, 33 and 34, and also by way of a diode 40. Theswitch mechanism operates in such a manner that in a first positionwiper contacts 26, 23, 29, and 32 engage contacts 27,24,31, and 34respectively and in a second position the wiper contacts engage contacts28, 25, 30, and 33 respectively.

Thus switch contacts 26, 27 and 28 and switch contacts 29 30 and 31 areeffective to alternately connect the batteries 20 and 21 in series withthe battery 22 and the windings 17a and 17b during the close conditionof contacts 38 and 39. At the same time, contacts 23, 24 and 25, andcontacts 32, 33 and 34 are effective to place the other of batteries 20and 21 in a series circuit with the winding 17a and 17b and diode 40.This circuit is effective upon the operation of contacts 38 and 39, andthe attendant deenergization of winding 17a and 17b, to provide acharging circuit for the particular battery 20 or 21 then in circuit, toreceive the current of the collapsing magnetic field of windings 17a and17b The contacts 23, 26, 29 and 32 operated alternately between theirupper and lower corresponding contacts so as to continuously switch thebatteries 20 and 21 between energy delivering and energy receivingconditions.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a direct current motor system is illustrated ascomprising a plurality of stators 101, I02 and 103 includingcorresponding pairs of pole members [Ola-I01 b, 102a-102b and l03a-103b.Secured for rotation on a common shaft, indicated by mechanical linkage117, are a plurality of rotors 104, 105, and 106 having respectivearcuate shaped ends 104a-l04b, l05a-I05b and l06aI06b. Each of theserotors is angularly disposed with respect to the other rotors, asindicated by the positions of, for example, ends 1040, 105a and 106a, sothat as the magnetic field provided to the respective windingsl07a-I07b, 108a-l08b and 109a-109b may be effective as the correspondingrotor is adjacent the pole members.

More specifically, the stator windings are connected on the one hand byway of conductors 110a, l IOb and I100 to a terminal 1 10 whichcorresponds to conductor 18 of FIG. I, while conductors Illa, Illb and 1110 extend from the other respective stator winding through a pluralityof contacts 112a, 1l2b and 112C, respectively, to terminals 118a, ll8band 1 18, which correspond to the positive terminal of battery 22 ofFIG. 1. Contacts 112a, I12!) and 112c are operated by respective camwheels 114a, 1I4b and ll4c in the illustrated example to pivotallyoperate one of the contacts about a pivot point 113a, 1I3b and 113C.Although cam wheels are shown for operating the contacts, othercommutator apparatus, such as brush contacts provide satisfactoryoperation.

It is readily apparent from the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2 thatwhen connected to an energizing circuit such as illustrated in FIG. I,batteries 20 and 21 are alternately connected in circuit with battery 22to energize the windings by way of terminal 110 and that the rotors areangularly disposed on a common shaft and the contacts 112 are timed tooperate such that the individual winding circuits are opened and thecurrent from the individual collapsing magnetic fields are steered byway of diodes 115, such as was the case with diode 40, to charge theother of the alternately connected batteries. In this manner, moreefiicient use of current is obtained by practicing the presentinvention.

It should be noted that although two-pole machines have beenillustrated, the invention is also applicable to other multipoleconfigurations. l have found that a four-pole motor constructedaccording to my invention can provide a greater amount of output powerper unit weight than is presently found in conventional motors. Also, awound rotor may be employed rather than the rotating iron rotorillustrated herein. Attention is also invited that although contactshave been illustrated herein as transfer switches and as cam-operatedswitches, brush-type commutator apparatus may be satisfactorily employedin practicing the present invention.

What I claim is:

l. A direct current motor system comprising:

a motor including a stator having at least one pair of pole members, arotor mounted for rotation within said stator, and a pair statorwindings permanently serially connected and individually disposed onseparate ones of said pole members,

first, second and third sources of direct current for energizing saidstator windings,

first switching means for connecting said first and alternately one ofsaid second and third sources to said stator windings,

diode means, 7

second switching means for alternately connecting the other of saidsecond and third sources and said diode means to said windings in anopposite polarity sense to the connection of said first source, and

third switching means for interrupting the circuit established by saidfirst switching means to effect a changing relationship between saidwindings and said a1- temately connected other source of direct current.

2. A direct current motor system as set forth in claim 1, wherein saidfirst, second and third sources of direct current are batteries.

3. A direct current motor system according to claim 1, comprisingcommutator switch means including said first and second switching means.

4. A direct current motor system accordingto claim 1, wherein said thirdswitching means comprises a commutator for momentarily opening thecircuit established by said first switching means. 1

5. A direct current motor system according to claim 1, comprising aplurality of other stators each of which has at least one pair of polemembers,

a plurality of other rotors individually associated with said otherstators, all of said rotors mounted for mutual rotation and angularlydisplaced from one another,

a plurality of pairs of other windings permanently serially connectedand disposed on separate pairs of said pole members of said otherstators and connected to said first and second switching means, and

a plurality of other diode means each of said other diode meansassociated with a separate pair of said other windings, each of saiddiode means connecting its associated pair of windings to said secondswitching means, and

wherein said third switching means includes a plurality of contacts eachof which is connected between a separate pair of said stator windingsand said first source of direct current, whereby said pairs of windingsare energized out of phase with one another and deliver charging currentto said other alternately connected source out of phase with oneanother. 6. A direct current motor system according to claim 5,comprising a shaft commonly mounting all of said rotors, said rotorsbeing angularly displaced on said shaft with respect to one another.

1. A direct current motor system comprising: a motor including a statorhaving at least one pair of pole members, a rotor mounted for rotationwithin said stator, and a pair stator windings permanently seriallyconnected and individually disposed on separate ones of said polemembers, first, second and third sources of direct current forenergizing said stator windings, first switching means for connectingsaid first and alternately one of said second and third sources to saidstator windings, diode means, second switching means for alternatelyconnecting the other of said second and third sources and said diodemeans to said windings in an opposite polarity sense to the connectionof said first source, and third switching means for interrupting thecircuit established by said first switching means to effect a changingrelationship between said windings and said alternately connected othersource of direct current.
 2. A direct current motor system as set forthin claim 1, wherein said first, second and third sources of directcurrent are batteries.
 3. A direct current motor system according toclaim 1, comprising commutator switch means including said first andsecond switching means.
 4. A direct current motor system according toclaim 1, wherein said third switching means comprises a commutator formomentarily opening the circuit established by said first switchingmeans.
 5. A direct current Motor system according to claim 1, comprisinga plurality of other stators each of which has at least one pair of polemembers, a plurality of other rotors individually associated with saidother stators, all of said rotors mounted for mutual rotation andangularly displaced from one another, a plurality of pairs of otherwindings permanently serially connected and disposed on separate pairsof said pole members of said other stators and connected to said firstand second switching means, and a plurality of other diode means each ofsaid other diode means associated with a separate pair of said otherwindings, each of said diode means connecting its associated pair ofwindings to said second switching means, and wherein said thirdswitching means includes a plurality of contacts each of which isconnected between a separate pair of said stator windings and said firstsource of direct current, whereby said pairs of windings are energizedout of phase with one another and deliver charging current to said otheralternately connected source out of phase with one another.
 6. A directcurrent motor system according to claim 5, comprising a shaft commonlymounting all of said rotors, said rotors being angularly displaced onsaid shaft with respect to one another.